Data study
Where severe hail falls: hail reports by state and county, 2016 to 2026
NOAA’s Storm Events Database lists 70,903 reports of hail 1 inch across or larger in the 50 states and D.C. from 2016 to 2025, about 7,090 a year. Texas had the most, 11,063. El Paso County, Colorado, had the most reports of any county, 696, and Pennington County, South Dakota, had hail that size on the most days, 130 in 10 years.
By Autoloss · Published · Data: NOAA Storm Events Database, January 2016 to July 2026
How often does damaging hail fall where you live, and when? This study counts where and when hail of 1 inch or more has been recorded, using the National Weather Service’s own records. One inch is the size the Weather Service treats as severe, about the size of a quarter. In the words of its Storm Data instructions, “Although the minimum size of hail qualifying as “severe” is 1 inch diameter, all reports of hail that is 3/4 of an inch or larger in diameter will be entered.”
Key numbers
70,903
Reports of hail 1 inch or larger, 2016 to 2025, about 7,090 a year
NOAA NCEI, Storm Events Database
11,063
Reports in Texas, the most of any state, ahead of Kansas (6,054)
NOAA NCEI, Storm Events Database, 2016 to 2025
60.3%
Share of reports in April, May and June; May alone had 26.1%
NOAA NCEI, Storm Events Database, 2016 to 2025
130
Days with hail 1 inch or larger in Pennington County, South Dakota, the most of any county, 2016 to 2025
NOAA NCEI, Storm Events Database
Hail by state
Texas logged 11,063 reports of 1-inch hail or larger in 10 years, on 840 different days. Size matters too: Texas had 1,986 reports of hail 2 inches or more, the size the Weather Service compares to a lime. Per square mile the Plains lead: Kansas had 7.4 reports a year for every 1,000 square miles of land, against 4.2 in Texas. Every state and D.C. had at least one report.
A report is one Storm Events record: hail of at least the stated size at one place and time. One storm can produce many. Hail days are dates with at least one report in the state. Source: NOAA NCEI, Storm Events Database bulk files.
| State | Reports | Per year | Hail days | 2 inches or more | Per year per 1,000 sq mi | Most reports in |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Texas | 11,063 | 1106.3 | 840 | 1,986 | 4.23 | May |
| Kansas | 6,054 | 605.4 | 616 | 838 | 7.40 | May |
| Nebraska | 4,698 | 469.8 | 621 | 679 | 6.12 | June |
| Oklahoma | 4,379 | 437.9 | 502 | 678 | 6.38 | May |
| Colorado | 3,832 | 383.2 | 450 | 583 | 3.70 | June |
| South Dakota | 3,606 | 360.6 | 506 | 413 | 4.76 | July |
| Missouri | 3,349 | 334.9 | 374 | 343 | 4.87 | May |
| Minnesota | 3,021 | 302.1 | 349 | 355 | 3.79 | July |
| Iowa | 2,638 | 263.8 | 325 | 270 | 4.72 | April |
| Illinois | 2,210 | 221.0 | 308 | 196 | 3.98 | May |
| North Dakota | 2,105 | 210.5 | 348 | 235 | 3.05 | July |
| Montana | 1,637 | 163.7 | 270 | 186 | 1.12 | July |
| Wisconsin | 1,636 | 163.6 | 244 | 171 | 3.02 | May |
| Arkansas | 1,572 | 157.2 | 290 | 208 | 3.02 | April |
| Wyoming | 1,379 | 137.9 | 302 | 147 | 1.42 | July |
| Tennessee | 1,249 | 124.9 | 216 | 81 | 3.03 | May |
| Mississippi | 1,148 | 114.8 | 245 | 94 | 2.45 | March |
| North Carolina | 1,130 | 113.0 | 239 | 63 | 2.32 | May |
| Indiana | 1,069 | 106.9 | 170 | 109 | 2.98 | March |
| New Mexico | 1,044 | 104.4 | 274 | 126 | 0.86 | May |
| Virginia | 1,040 | 104.0 | 209 | 55 | 2.63 | May |
| Alabama | 1,038 | 103.8 | 210 | 117 | 2.05 | April |
| Ohio | 1,027 | 102.7 | 185 | 64 | 2.51 | May |
| Louisiana | 1,007 | 100.7 | 207 | 83 | 2.33 | April |
| Kentucky | 1,001 | 100.1 | 161 | 86 | 2.54 | May |
| Pennsylvania | 920 | 92.0 | 171 | 48 | 2.06 | May |
| Georgia | 917 | 91.7 | 230 | 38 | 1.59 | April |
| Florida | 652 | 65.2 | 206 | 42 | 1.22 | May |
| South Carolina | 619 | 61.9 | 176 | 36 | 2.06 | May |
| Michigan | 592 | 59.2 | 162 | 63 | 1.05 | June |
| New York | 561 | 56.1 | 143 | 29 | 1.19 | June |
| West Virginia | 528 | 52.8 | 117 | 35 | 2.20 | April |
| Maryland | 352 | 35.2 | 101 | 20 | 3.62 | May |
| Arizona | 267 | 26.7 | 131 | 9 | 0.23 | September |
| New Hampshire | 248 | 24.8 | 83 | 2 | 2.77 | July |
| New Jersey | 215 | 21.5 | 58 | 6 | 2.92 | July |
| Idaho | 208 | 20.8 | 82 | 7 | 0.25 | May |
| Maine | 171 | 17.1 | 62 | 3 | 0.55 | July |
| Massachusetts | 135 | 13.5 | 48 | 3 | 1.73 | June |
| Oregon | 110 | 11.0 | 50 | 7 | 0.11 | May |
| Utah | 108 | 10.8 | 53 | 1 | 0.13 | June |
| California | 82 | 8.2 | 51 | 3 | 0.05 | March |
| Connecticut | 71 | 7.1 | 36 | 2 | 1.47 | June |
| Vermont | 70 | 7.0 | 35 | 0 | 0.76 | July |
| Washington | 46 | 4.6 | 28 | 2 | 0.07 | June |
| Nevada | 31 | 3.1 | 20 | 1 | 0.03 | May |
| Delaware | 30 | 3.0 | 19 | 2 | 1.54 | May |
| District of Columbia | 18 | 1.8 | 5 | 0 | 29.45* | July |
| Rhode Island | 14 | 1.4 | 9 | 0 | 1.35 | August |
| Alaska | 5 | 0.5 | 5 | 0 | under 0.01 | June |
| Hawaii | 1 | 0.1 | 1 | 0 | 0.02 | March |
* D.C. has 61 square miles of land, so a few reports make its per-area rate the highest on the list; we leave it out of the per-area ranking. The full table is in the CSV download below.
When hail season is
Nationally, 60.3% of reports from 2016 to 2025 came in April, May or June, and May was the busiest month, with 18,492 reports (26.1%). The season runs later in the north and the high Plains: Nebraska, Colorado, South Dakota, Minnesota, North Dakota, Montana and Wyoming each had the most reports in June or July. By state, 20 states had their most reports in May, 9 in June and 9 in July.
Month of the report’s local start date. Source: NOAA NCEI, Storm Events Database, 2016 to 2025.
The counties with hail most often
Counting days, not reports, shows how often a place gets hit. Pennington County, South Dakota, which includes Rapid City, had hail of 1 inch or more on 130 days from 2016 to 2025, about 13 a year. El Paso County, Colorado, which includes Colorado Springs, had the most reports, 696, on 126 days. A county with a large city can log many reports from one storm, because more people are there to see the hail and report it.
| County | Hail days | Days per year | Reports |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pennington County, South Dakota | 130 | 13.0 | 515 |
| El Paso County, Colorado | 126 | 12.6 | 696 |
| Weld County, Colorado | 101 | 10.1 | 374 |
| Meade County, South Dakota | 94 | 9.4 | 243 |
| Custer County, South Dakota | 90 | 9.0 | 206 |
| Laramie County, Wyoming | 87 | 8.7 | 342 |
| Cherry County, Nebraska | 84 | 8.4 | 207 |
| Yuma County, Colorado | 80 | 8.0 | 262 |
| Lincoln County, Nebraska | 73 | 7.3 | 202 |
| Tarrant County, Texas | 70 | 7.0 | 380 |
| Custer County, Nebraska | 70 | 7.0 | 160 |
| Goshen County, Wyoming | 69 | 6.9 | 169 |
| Campbell County, Wyoming | 69 | 6.9 | 155 |
| Crook County, Wyoming | 68 | 6.8 | 152 |
| Lawrence County, South Dakota | 68 | 6.8 | 149 |
Counties as named in the Storm Events records. Top 15 by days with at least one report of hail 1 inch or larger; ties are ordered by number of reports.
Year by year
The count swings with the weather. 2023 had the most reports, 10,062; 2021 had the fewest, 5,027. NOAA’s 2026 file runs through July: it has 5,471 reports from January to July, against an average of 5,972 for the same months in 2016 to 2025, and 6,787 in 2025. Reports for recent months can still be added or revised, so the 2026 figure may change.
| Year | Reports |
|---|---|
| 2016 | 7,291 |
| 2017 | 7,954 |
| 2018 | 6,028 |
| 2019 | 7,176 |
| 2020 | 6,195 |
| 2021 | 5,027 |
| 2022 | 5,884 |
| 2023 | 10,062 |
| 2024 | 7,421 |
| 2025 | 7,865 |
| 2026 (January to July) | 5,471 |
Oregon
Oregon is near the bottom of the list. It had 110 reports of hail 1 inch or larger from 2016 to 2025, on 50 days, which ranks 40th of the 50 states and D.C. Of those, 7 were of hail 2 inches or more. Hail of this size is rare in Oregon, not unknown.
What this means for car owners
- Hail damage is usually a comprehensive claim. There is no at-fault driver, so the claim runs through your own policy, and only if you carry comprehensive coverage. Check that before the season, which in most states peaks in April, May or June.
- The repair method affects value. Paintless dent repair keeps the factory finish; replaced or repainted panels leave more for a buyer or dealer to find. Our guide to hail damage and diminished value explains the difference and why many policies do not pay for lost value.
- Keep the paperwork. The estimate, the final invoice showing the method used on each panel, and photos before and after repair are what any later question about value turns on.
- A badly damaged car can be totaled. If repairs would cost too much compared with the car’s value, the insurer may declare it a total loss. See total loss claims.
Method and limits
We downloaded NOAA’s Storm Events Database bulk “details” files for 2016 through 2026 (the 2026 file, created October 26, 2026, runs through July) and kept every “Hail” record with a maximum hail size of 1.00 inch or more in the 50 states and D.C. We counted records by state, county, month and year, counted the distinct dates with at least one record, and divided state totals by land area from the Census Bureau’s 2024 Gazetteer. As a check, we recounted the national total, every state, the top counties, the April-to-June share and the 2026 count from NOAA’s Storm Events search service, a separate route into the same database.
Limits: a hail report needs someone to see the hail and report it, so cities and places with many trained spotters log more reports than open country, and a storm over empty land may not appear at all. Hail size is often estimated by eye. The Weather Service says much of the information comes from outside sources and that “information from these sources may be unverified by the NWS. Accordingly, the NWS does not guarantee the accuracy or validity of the information.” Counts in recent months can still change as reports are added. A report does not tell you how wide the hail fell or how many vehicles it hit.
Sources
- NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Storm Events Database, bulk details files, 2016 to July 2026, retrieved November 12, 2026: www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/
- NOAA NCEI, Storm Events Database (search), retrieved November 12, 2026: www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/storm-events-database/
- National Weather Service Instruction 10-1605, Storm Data Preparation, July 26, 2021: www.weather.gov/media/directives/010_pdfs/pd01016005curr.pdf
- NOAA Storm Prediction Center, Frequently Asked Questions, retrieved November 12, 2026: www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/
- U.S. Census Bureau, 2024 Gazetteer Files, states, 2024: www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html
Cite this study
Autoloss, “Where severe hail falls: hail reports by state and county, 2016 to 2026,” November 12, 2026, https://autoloss.com/research/hail-damage-by-state/. Data: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Storm Events Database, 2016 to July 2026.
Download the data (CSV). Free to use with credit to Autoloss and a link to this page (CC BY 4.0).
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